abstract = "Genetic programming is used to evolve Particle Swarm
Optimisers (PSOs). PSOs include a small number of
interacting particles, which fly over the fitness
landscape in search for high fitness points. The
particles are typically controlled by forces which
encourage each particle to fly back towards the best
point on the landscape sampled by it (personal best)
while at the same time trying to imitate the best
particle in the swarm with a drive towards the swarm's
best. The standard PSO is well known for its
effectiveness on a variety of optimisation problems. We
explore the possibility of evolving the force
generating equations to control the particles in a PSO.
Our aim is to verify the feasibility of this approach
and to start exploring what types of PSOs are most
appropriate for different classes of landscapes.",