abstract = "One of the main issues in evolutionary design is how
to create three-dimensional shape. The representation
needs to be general enough such that all possible
shapes can be created, yet it has to be evolvable. That
is, parent and offspring must be related. Small changes
to the genotype should lead to small changes of the
fitness of an individual. We have explored the use of
scene graphs to evolve three-dimensional shapes. Two
different scene graph representations are analyzed, the
scene graph representation used by OpenInventor and the
scene graph representation used by VRML. Both
representations use internal floating point variables
to specify three-dimensional vectors, rotation axes and
rotation angles. The internal parameters are initially
chosen at random, then remain fixed during the run. We
also experimented with an evolution strategy to adapt
the internal variables. Experimental results are
presented for the evolution of a wind turbine. The VRML
representation produced better results.",
notes = "EuroGP'2003 held in conjunction with EvoWorkshops
2003